Vertigo

Vertigo is a medical condition characterized by a sensation of spinning or swaying movement when there is no actual movement present. This illusion of motion typically causes a feeling of disequilibrium or unsteadiness, which can lead to nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulty walking. The condition is often caused by a disturbance in the balance mechanisms of the inner ear or the vestibular pathways in the brain. Common causes of vertigo include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere's disease, vestibular neuritis, and labyrinthitis.

Diagnosis and treatment of vertigo depend on the underlying cause. BPPV is often treated with repositioning maneuvers to move displaced otoliths in the inner ear, while vestibular neuritis may require corticosteroids and vestibular rehabilitation exercises. Meniere's disease treatment may involve dietary changes, diuretics, or surgery in severe cases. Accurate diagnosis is crucial, as vertigo can sometimes be a sign of a more serious condition like a stroke or brain tumor. Thus, a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider is recommended for anyone experiencing recurrent or persistent vertigo.