Vaginal Infection

Vaginal infection, medically termed vaginitis, is inflammation of the vagina that can result from bacterial, fungal, or viral infections, as well as non-infectious causes like irritants or hormonal changes. Common types include bacterial vaginosis, caused by an imbalance of vaginal bacteria; yeast infections due to an overgrowth of Candida; and trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the Trichomonas vaginalis parasite. Symptoms may include abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, irritation, itching, and discomfort during urination or intercourse.

Diagnosis of a vaginal infection involves a pelvic examination, pH testing of vaginal discharge, and microscopic evaluation or culture of discharge to identify the causative agent. Treatment depends on the type of infection and ranges from antibiotics for bacterial causes to antifungal medications for yeast infections. Good genital hygiene, safe sexual practices, and avoiding irritants are key preventive measures. Proper medical management is critical, as untreated vaginal infections can lead to more serious reproductive health issues, including pelvic inflammatory disease and fertility problems.