Cavities

Cavities, also known as dental caries or tooth decay, are permanently damaged areas in the hard surface of your teeth that develop into tiny openings or holes. These are caused by a combination of factors, including bacteria in the mouth, frequent snacking, sipping sugary drinks, and not cleaning your teeth well. The process of cavity formation begins when food containing carbohydrates (sugars and starches) is left on the teeth. Bacteria that live in the mouth thrive on these foods, producing acids as a result. Over time, these acids can cause tooth enamel to break down, forming a cavity.

If left untreated, cavities can grow larger and affect deeper layers of the teeth, leading to severe toothache, infection, and even tooth loss. Proper oral hygiene, such as brushing with fluoride toothpaste, regular flossing, and dental check-ups, can prevent cavities. Treatment for cavities depends on their severity and can range from fluoride treatments to restore tooth enamel in early stages, to fillings, crowns, or root canals for more advanced decay. Regular dental examinations can help detect cavities early when they are easiest to treat.