TMJ

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders encompass a range of conditions affecting the joint that connects the lower jaw, or mandible, to the temporal bone of the skull. This joint allows for movements required for speaking and chewing. TMJ disorders can cause pain, restricted jaw movement, and noises during jaw motion. The causes of TMJ disorders are multifactorial and can include factors like jaw injury, arthritis, genetic predisposition, bruxism (grinding of teeth), and stress which may lead to muscle tension.

Diagnosing TMJ disorders typically involves a physical examination, assessment of the patient's dental and medical history, and possibly imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI. Treatment options vary widely, ranging from conservative approaches, such as physical therapy, dental splints, and pain management with medications, to more invasive procedures like injections or surgery for severe cases. Lifestyle adjustments, including stress reduction and diet modification, can also help manage symptoms. It is essential to tailor the treatment to the individual, as the complexity of TMJ disorders means that what works for one person may not be effective for another.