Throat Cancer

Throat cancer refers to malignant tumors that develop in the throat (pharynx), voice box (larynx) or tonsils. This type of cancer is categorized under head and neck cancers and primarily involves the squamous cells lining the throat. The exact cause isn't always clear, but risk factors include smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, viral infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV), and a family history of cancer. Symptoms often include a persistent sore throat, voice changes, a lump in the neck, difficulty swallowing, and unexplained weight loss.

Diagnosis of throat cancer typically involves a combination of physical exams, imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans, and a biopsy to confirm the presence of malignant cells. Treatment options vary depending on the location, stage of the cancer, and the patient's overall health but may include surgery to remove the tumor, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these. Outcomes and prognosis can significantly improve with early detection, making awareness of symptoms and regular check-ups crucial for those at higher risk.