TBI

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a disruption in normal brain function caused by an external mechanical force such as a blow, bump, or jolt to the head, or a penetrating head injury. The severity can range from mild (a brief change in mental status or consciousness) to severe (an extended period of unconsciousness or amnesia after the injury). Mild TBIs, commonly referred to as concussions, often result in temporary effects on brain cells, while more severe instances can include bruising, torn tissues, bleeding, and other physical damage to the brain that can result in long-term complications or death.

Symptoms of TBI can be wide-ranging depending on the severity and the area of the brain affected. They may include cognitive difficulties such as memory loss, attention deficits, and problems with executive functions. Physical symptoms may involve headaches, dizziness, and sleep disturbances, while emotional effects might entail mood swings, anxiety, or depression. Managing TBI usually involves a multidisciplinary approach including physical therapy, occupational therapy, psychological support, and sometimes surgery to address the physical damage to the brain. Rehabilitation is tailored to the individual's symptoms and needs, with the goal of improving function and quality of life.