SAD

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that's related to changes in seasons, beginning and ending at about the same times every year. Most people with SAD experience symptoms starting in the fall and continue into the winter months, sapping their energy and making them feel moody. Though less common, SAD can cause depression in the spring or early summer. The exact cause of SAD isn't known, but it's believed to be linked to reduced exposure to sunlight during shorter days in the fall and winter. This decreased sunlight can disrupt your body's internal clock, lead to lower levels of serotonin (a neurotransmitter that affects mood), and affect melatonin levels, contributing to sleep patterns and mood.

Treatment for SAD may include light therapy (phototherapy), psychotherapy, and medications. Managing symptoms also involves self-care, such as maintaining a regular schedule, exercising, spending time outside, and practicing stress management techniques. It's essential for individuals who suspect they have SAD to seek a professional medical diagnosis and treatment plan, as symptoms can worsen over time. Left untreated, SAD can lead to problems such as anxiety, social withdrawal, school or work problems, substance abuse, and even suicidal thoughts or behavior, especially in individuals with severe cases.