Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune skin disorder characterized by the rapid accumulation of skin cells that leads to the formation of thick, red, scaly patches that can be itchy and occasionally painful. These scales typically appear on joints like elbows and knees, but can also manifest on any part of the body including the scalp, hands, feet, and even the nails. The exact cause of psoriasis isn't fully understood, but it's thought to result from an overactive immune response that speeds up skin cell growth, causing cells to surface on the skin before they can mature. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors like stress, weather, and certain medications can trigger or exacerbate the condition.

Psoriasis varies in severity from small, localized patches to complete body coverage. It is not contagious and its intensity can fluctuate in cycles, with periods of flare-ups followed by times of remission. Diagnosis is usually clinical, based on the appearance of the skin; however, a biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other disorders. Management includes a range of topical treatments, phototherapy, and systemic medications aimed at reducing inflammation and controlling the abnormally fast skin cell turnover. Living with psoriasis can also have a significant psychological impact, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to care that includes mental health support.