Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is a malignancy that occurs in the prostate, a small walnut-shaped gland in males that produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm. From a medical perspective, this cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells within the prostate gland. It typically progresses slowly and is confined initially to the prostate, where it may not cause serious harm. However, while some types of prostate cancer grow slowly and may need minimal or even no treatment, other types are aggressive and can spread quickly.

Prostate cancer is often detected through screening tests such as a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test or digital rectal examination (DRE). Early-stage prostate cancer may present with no symptoms, but more advanced cases might exhibit signs such as difficulty in urinating, blood in semen, erectile dysfunction, or discomfort in the pelvic area. Treatment options depend on several factors, including the stage of cancer, age, overall health, and the risks and potential side effects of the treatment. Options range from active surveillance and watchful waiting to surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Early detection is key to effective management and prognosis.