Pelvis

The pelvis is an anatomical structure located in the lower part of the torso, crucial for various bodily functions. It is made up of several bones: the sacrum and coccyx (tailbone) at the base of the vertebral column, and the hip bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis) on both sides. These bones are interconnected to form a basin-shaped ring which supports the weight of the upper body when sitting or standing and provides attachment points for muscles and ligaments.

Functionally, the pelvis protects internal organs such as the bladder, intestines, and, in women, the reproductive organs. In females, the pelvic cavity is also designed to accommodate childbirth. The structure of the pelvis differs between sexes to facilitate this process, with a wider and more circular shape in females. This bony framework provides leverage for muscles essential in locomotion, posture, and support. The alignment and integrity of the pelvic bones are crucial for proper function, and their disruption can lead to issues with mobility and stability.