Ovarian Cysts

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can develop on the ovaries, which are part of the female reproductive system. They are quite common and often form naturally during the process of ovulation when eggs are released from the ovaries. Most ovarian cysts are benign (non-cancerous) and may not cause any symptoms, but some can lead to abdominal pain, bloating, or discomfort during intercourse or menstruation. The size of these cysts can vary from the size of a pea to larger than an orange, and they may occur as a single cyst or in clusters.

There are various types of ovarian cysts, with the most common being functional cysts, which include follicular cysts (that form when a follicle fails to release an egg) and corpus luteum cysts (which occur after an egg has been released). Other types include dermoid cysts, cystadenomas, and endometriomas. Diagnosis typically involves pelvic examinations, ultrasound imaging, and sometimes further testing like blood work or laparoscopy. Most cysts are monitored to see if they resolve on their own, while others might require surgical intervention, especially if they are persistent, growing, causing symptoms, or suspected to be malignant. Hormonal contraceptives may also be prescribed to prevent the development of new cysts in those who experience recurrent issues.