Musculoskeletal Disorders

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) encompass a variety of conditions that affect the human body’s muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and structures that support limbs, neck, and back. They can result from a multitude of factors including: acute injury, repetitive strain, prolonged immobilization, or the wear and tear of daily activities. Manifestations of MSDs range in severity from mild, intermittent discomfort to severe, chronic pain that can impair daily activities and quality of life. Common examples include carpal tunnel syndrome, tendinitis, degenerative disc disease, and osteoarthritis.

Medical evaluation of MSDs often involves a thorough history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as x-rays or MRIs. Treatment strategies are tailored to the specific disorder and may range from conservative approaches like physical therapy, ergonomic adjustments, and pharmacologic pain management, to interventional techniques including injections and surgical procedures for more advanced or resistant conditions. Prevention plays a key role, with emphasis on ergonomics, proper body mechanics, and fitness to minimize the risk of developing MSDs.