Mouth Ulcers

Mouth ulcers, medically referred to as aphthous ulcers or canker sores, are small, painful lesions that can develop on the soft tissues inside the mouth, including the inner lips, cheeks, tongue, gums, and the roof or floor of the mouth. They typically appear as round or oval sores with a white or yellow center surrounded by an inflamed red border. Mouth ulcers are not contagious and usually heal without intervention within one to two weeks. However, the discomfort they cause can interfere with eating, drinking, and oral hygiene. While the exact cause of mouth ulcers remains unclear, factors such as minor oral trauma, stress, hormonal changes, certain foods, nutritional deficiencies, and underlying medical conditions may contribute to their development.

Diagnosis of mouth ulcers is usually straightforward, based on their appearance. Treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms and may include topical analgesics, antiseptic mouth rinses, and corticosteroid ointments. If ulcers are recurrent, severe, or accompanied by other symptoms, a healthcare provider may investigate underlying causes such as gastrointestinal diseases like celiac disease or Crohn's disease, immune system issues, or vitamin deficiencies. Preventative strategies include maintaining good oral hygiene, avoiding irritating foods, and managing stress. If mouth ulcers persist or frequently recur, it is important to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment.