Mitral Valve Prolapse

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) is a condition in which the two valve flaps of the mitral valve do not close properly. The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart, and its role is to allow blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle while preventing backflow. In MVP, one or both of the valve flaps bulge (prolapse) into the atrium during the heart’s contraction. This can sometimes cause mitral regurgitation, where blood leaks backward into the atrium, potentially leading to various symptoms or complications.

Most people with MVP do not experience symptoms and live normal, healthy lives without the need for treatment. However, when symptoms occur, they may include palpitations, shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, and dizziness. Diagnosis is usually made through echocardiography, which can visualize the prolapsed valve. Management of MVP focuses on monitoring and treating the symptoms and any associated complications, such as arrhythmias or severe mitral regurgitation. In some cases where MVP leads to significant regurgitation or poses other risks, surgical repair or replacement of the valve may be necessary.