Menstrual Problems

Menstrual problems encompass a variety of disorders that affect the normal menstrual cycle, presenting as irregularities in timing, flow, or associated symptoms. Common issues include amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), dysmenorrhea (painful periods), menorrhagia (heavy bleeding), and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Amenorrhea can be primary, occurring in girls who have not started menstruating by the age of 15, or secondary, where menstruation stops for three months or longer in women who previously had regular cycles. Dysmenorrhea is characterized by cramping pains in the lower abdomen and is often accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea and headaches.

Hormonal imbalances often contribute to menstrual problems, triggered by factors such as stress, significant weight loss, or gain, and medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid disorders. The management of menstrual problems usually involves identifying underlying causes and may include lifestyle changes, pain relief medication, hormonal therapies such as oral contraceptives, or in some cases, surgical intervention. A proper diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment; therefore, women experiencing menstrual irregularities are encouraged to seek medical evaluation. Regular gynecological check-ups can help in the early detection and treatment of menstrual disturbances.