Knee

The knee is a complex hinge joint where three bones converge: the femur (thigh bone), tibia (shin bone), and patella (kneecap). It is the largest joint in the human body and is vital for movement, enabling functions like walking, running, jumping, and squatting. The knee relies on both static stabilizers—including ligaments like the anterior cruciate (ACL), posterior cruciate (PCL), medial collateral (MCL), and lateral collateral (LCL)—and dynamic stabilizers, including the surrounding muscles and tendons. Menisci, or cartilaginous discs between the femur and tibia, play a crucial role in shock absorption and stability.

From a medical viewpoint, the knee is susceptible to various injuries and conditions due to its complexity and the significant weight it supports. These can range from acute injuries such as tears of the ligaments and menisci, to chronic conditions like osteoarthritis, where the joint's cartilage wears down over time. Knee functionality is assessed through physical examination and imaging techniques, such as X-ray or MRI. Treatment for knee issues may include physical therapy, medications, braces, or, in severe cases, surgical interventions, such as arthroscopy or joint replacement. Maintaining a healthy weight and strong muscles around the knee can aid in the prevention of injuries and degenerative conditions.