Iron Deficiency Anemia

Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia — a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body's tissues. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the body doesn't have enough iron to produce sufficient amounts of the protein hemoglobin, which is a component of red blood cells that allows them to carry oxygen. This deficiency may be due to inadequate iron intake, increased need for iron by the body, poor absorption, or loss of blood. Symptoms can include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and dizziness.

This condition is diagnosed through blood tests that check for low hemoglobin levels and low iron levels. Treatment involves increasing iron intake through diet, oral iron supplements, or in more severe cases, intravenous iron or blood transfusions. Addressing the underlying cause of iron deficiency, such as a gastrointestinal bleed, is crucial to prevent recurrence. In women of reproductive age, menstruation and pregnancy can contribute to iron deficiency anemia, necessitating a tailored approach to management. Monitoring of iron levels is important to ensure effectiveness of treatment, to adjust dosages, and to avoid iron overload, which can also have negative health implications.