Hearing Loss

Hearing loss, from a medical perspective, refers to the reduced ability to perceive sounds compared to a normal hearing threshold. It arises from problems in one or more parts of the ear or auditory system and can range from mild to profound, affecting one or both ears. The causes are diverse, including age-related degeneration (presbycusis), noise exposure, infections, genetic factors, trauma, or diseases. Healthcare providers classify hearing loss based on its source within the auditory system: conductive (involving outer or middle ear), sensorineural (involving the inner ear), or mixed (a combination of both).

Diagnosis involves audiometric tests to assess hearing sensitivity across different frequencies. Management of hearing loss may include medical intervention, surgical procedures, hearing aids, cochlear implants, or other assistive listening devices, depending on the cause and severity. Additionally, rehabilitation strategies such as speech therapy and communication training can significantly improve quality of life. Early intervention is crucial to limit the impact on speech and language development, particularly in children, and to improve social, educational, and workplace outcomes for individuals of all ages experiencing hearing impairment.