Fungal Skin Infection

Fungal skin infections, medically known as dermatomycoses, refer to a broad range of conditions caused by various types of fungi which infect the skin, nails, or hair. Different fungal organisms, such as dermatophytes, yeasts (Candida species), and molds, can cause these conditions. Dermatophytes lead to tinea infections, often named based on the body part affected—tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), tinea corporis (ringworm of the body), tinea cruris (jock itch), and tinea capitis (scalp). These infections typically present with itchy, scaly, and sometimes ring-shaped rashes. Candida species often cause intertrigo (in skin folds) or oral thrush, characterized by red, raw skin or white patches.

Diagnosis of fungal skin infections usually depends on clinical examination and can be confirmed using a microscope to examine skin scrapings, or through fungal culture. Treatment varies depending on the type and site of infection. Topical antifungal agents such as azoles, terbinafine, or nystatin are often used for localized infections. In more extensive or refractory cases, systemic antifungal medications, like fluconazole or itraconazole, may be necessary. Maintaining good skin hygiene and keeping affected areas clean and dry help prevent the infection from spreading or worsening.