Fungal Infection

Fungal infections, medically known as mycoses, are diseases caused by pathogenic fungi. These organisms can infect various body parts, from the skin, nails, and scalp to internal organs like the lungs and bloodstream. Fungal infections are classified by the affected area and the severity of the condition, ranging from superficial infections, such as athlete's foot and ringworm, to more invasive diseases like histoplasmosis or cryptococcal meningitis. Common symptoms of superficial fungal infections include itching, rash, and scaling, while invasive infections can lead to more systemic and severe symptoms like fever, cough, and in some cases, can be life-threatening if untreated.

Fungi thrive in moist, warm environments, which is why certain practices such as wearing damp clothing or having prolonged antibiotic exposure can increase infection risk. Opportunistic fungal infections often occur in immunocompromised individuals, including those with HIV/AIDS or those undergoing chemotherapy. Treatment can vary based on the infection type and may include topical antifungals for superficial mycoses or systemic antifungal medications for invasive cases. Prevention focuses on good hygiene, moisture management, avoiding contact with infectious sources, and sometimes prophylactic antifungals for high-risk patients.