Ear Infections

An ear infection is a common condition that occurs when a bacterial or viral infection affects the middle ear, the air-filled space behind the eardrum that contains the tiny vibrating bones of the ear. Ear infections can cause pain and discomfort due to inflammation and buildup of fluids in the middle ear. They are particularly common in children, but can occur at any age. The primary types of ear infections include acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), and otitis externa (also known as swimmer's ear).

From a medical perspective, acute otitis media is characterized by symptoms such as ear pain, fever, and irritability. On examination, a healthcare provider might observe a bulging red eardrum, indicating the presence of fluid, which is often confirmed by pneumatic otoscopy or tympanometry. Otitis media with effusion, on the other hand, involves the retention of fluid without the symptoms of acute infection, possibly affecting hearing. Otitis externa affects the ear canal and is often marked by pain, discharge, and in severe cases, swelling that can block the canal. Treatment for ear infections varies depending on the type and severity, ranging from watchful waiting to antibiotics and in some chronic or recurrent cases, surgical interventions like myringotomy with tube placement may be considered.