Ear Infection

An ear infection, medically known as otitis, is an inflammation of the inner, middle, or outer ear, often caused by bacteria or viruses. Middle ear infections, or otitis media, are the most frequent type occurring, especially in children. These infections usually arise after a cold, sore throat, or respiratory infection when fluid builds up behind the eardrum and becomes infected. Symptoms vary depending on the ear part affected but commonly include ear pain, fever, and hearing difficulties. In some cases, fluid drainage from the ear or a rupture of the eardrum may occur.

Diagnosis of an ear infection is primarily through a physical examination using an otoscope to look for signs of inflammation and fluid. Treatment depends on the age, overall health of the patient, and the type and severity of the infection. Management may include pain relief with over-the-counter medications, warm compresses, and in some cases, prescription antibiotics if the cause is bacterial. In recurring cases, surgical interventions such as tube placement may be considered to prevent fluid accumulation. It's important for individuals experiencing signs of an ear infection to seek medical attention to prevent complications like hearing loss or spread of the infection.