Bronchitis

Bronchitis is an inflammatory condition of the bronchial tubes, which are the airways that carry air to and from the lungs. The inflammation results in swelling and an increase in mucus production, often causing a cough that brings up mucus, wheezing, chest discomfort, and shortness of breath. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. Acute bronchitis commonly follows a viral respiratory infection and is temporary, while chronic bronchitis is a long-term condition that is one of the conditions along with emphysema that comprise Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

From a medical standpoint, acute bronchitis requires supportive care, focusing on symptom relief with cough suppressants, pain relievers, and, if warranted by a bacterial infection, antibiotics. Chronic bronchitis management, on the other hand, is more complex and often includes bronchodilators, steroids to reduce inflammation, oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes such as smoking cessation to slow disease progression. Primary prevention through avoidance of smoking and secondary prevention through vaccination against influenza and pneumococcus are important strategies to reduce the occurrence and impact of bronchitis.