Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is a vital physiological parameter that refers to the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the body's arteries. This pressure is crucial for maintaining blood flow through the circulatory system, which is necessary for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and the removal of carbon dioxide and waste products. Measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), blood pressure is presented as two distinct values: systolic pressure, the higher number indicating the pressure as the heart contracts and pumps blood out, and diastolic pressure, the lower number representing the pressure when the heart rests between beats.

A typical blood pressure reading might be 120/80 mmHg, where 120 represents the systolic pressure and 80 the diastolic pressure. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is essential because high blood pressure (hypertension) or abnormally low blood pressure (hypotension) can lead to serious health complications. Hypertension often presents with no symptoms but if untreated, increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney problems. On the other hand, hypotension can cause dizziness and fainting and may indicate underlying conditions that require medical attention. Ideal blood pressure ranges can vary based on age, underlying health conditions, and other individual factors.