Arthritis

Arthritis is a term that refers to a group of diseases characterized by inflammation in the joints, leading to pain and stiffness. This inflammation can result from a variety of causes, including wear and tear of the cartilage (as in osteoarthritis), autoimmune reactions (as in rheumatoid arthritis), infections, or deposition of crystals, such as uric acid in gout. The common denominator in these conditions is joint inflammation, which can lead to symptoms such as redness, warmth, swelling, and diminished range of motion in the affected joints.

The diagnosis of arthritis is typically made on the basis of clinical signs and symptoms, detailed patient history, physical examination, and imaging studies like X-rays or MRI. Blood tests may also help to clarify the type of arthritis and the extent of inflammation. Management of arthritis depends on the specific type, but it often includes medication to reduce inflammation and pain, physical therapy to maintain joint function, and sometimes surgical intervention to repair or replace severely damaged joints. Lifestyle changes such as weight management, exercise, and a healthy diet are important in managing symptoms and improving overall joint health.