Is Lichen Sclerosus Causing Your Skin Discomfort? Find Out Here

Lichen sclerosus is an uncommon dermatological condition marked by white, thinner-than-normal patches of skin. It may affect any body part but frequently manifests in sensitive areas such the vulva, the foreskin of the penis, and perianal skin. The condition can affect individuals of any age, though it predominantly occurs in postmenopausal women. While lichen sclerosus may resolve without intervention when present on the arms or upper body, genital involvement necessitates medical treatment. The etiology of lichen sclerosus remains unclear, but it is established that the disease is noncontagious and cannot be transmitted through physical or sexual contact. Current theories suggest potential triggers may include local skin damage, hormonal imbalances, or an autoimmune response.

1. Tiny white spots on the skin

The appearance of white spots on the skin can be an early sign of the condition. These spots are typically smooth, glossy, and tend to enlarge into more prominent patches over time. Eventually, the affected skin may become delicate and wrinkled, increasing the likelihood of tearing and subsequent bright red or purple bruising. In more severe cases, scarring can occur, although if the condition is mild, symptoms may be negligible or absent. Treatment may not be necessary for patches on the arms and upper body, as they often resolve on their own.

2. Itching, discomfort or pain from blisters and bleeding

In the initial phase of the condition, patients may observe the emergence of white spots on their skin, which can evolve into white patches characterized by thinning and wrinkling of the skin. Itching is a common symptom that can vary from mild to intense. In severe cases, the skin may crack, leading to sores, increased itching, discomfort, and potentially pain. The areas with thinner skin are more susceptible to bruising and tearing. In extreme scenarios, the skin may bleed, blister, or develop ulcerated lesions. The image provided offers a visual representation of the condition.

3. Pain during intercourse

The condition in question has the potential to affect any part of the body, though it predominantly manifests in the skin surrounding the genital and anal areas. These areas are often severely impacted and usually require clinical intervention. Affected individuals, particularly women, may endure significant discomfort during sexual intercourse and when utilizing restroom facilities due to the condition's tendency to cause constriction in the affected tissues. To alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life, medical professionals may recommend the use of vaginal dilators or topical anesthetic creams as part of the treatment plan.

4. Just let it be

Medical professionals are currently exploring the origins and mechanisms of a certain disease, which, as of now, remains without a definitive cure. Medical interventions primarily aim to alleviate the symptoms associated with this condition. Encouragingly, instances of the disease appearing outside the genital or anal regions have been observed to resolve without the need for medical treatment. Patients are advised to monitor their condition, as it may diminish naturally over time.

5. Make yourself more comfortable with your condition

Please be assured that the management of lichen sclerosus often involves simple watchful waiting. It's advisable to alleviate discomfort by moisturizing affected areas. Refrain from using scented bath products and determents that may provoke irritation. It is also recommended to abstain from scratching or rubbing the irritated skin. Choosing loose-fitting garments made of natural fibers can reduce pain and discomfort, lessening the condition's impact on your daily life. Additional suggestions for relief include cleansing your genital and anal regions with a moisturizing cream instead of soap, and for women, specifically avoiding bubble baths, scented soaps, detergents, and perfumes to prevent irritation to the genital skin.

6. Apply a topical steroid

Topical corticosteroids represent the primary treatment for Lichen Sclerosus, effectively reducing inflammation under medical guidance. It is crucial to follow your physician's instructions when applying the prescribed steroid cream or ointment. Symptoms typically alleviate within two weeks of consistent use, while full skin recovery may take up to three months. Early treatment can expedite the healing process and restore normal skin texture. However, in advanced cases, the skin alterations may be irreversible despite steroid application. To prevent the recurrence of symptoms, it is recommended to continue treatment for an additional one to two weeks post initial regimen.

7. Applying ointments or creams

High-potency corticosteroid creams or ointments are effective options for treating inflammation and allergic reactions on the skin. For optimal results, these topical medications should be applied daily over several weeks. Such treatments are highly effective in alleviating itchiness and preventing the recurrence of dermatological conditions when used consistently for at least one week. It should be noted, however, that these therapies do not address any pre-existing scarring on the skin.

8. Other treatment choices

Should topical treatments prove insufficient for managing your condition, your physician may consider alternative therapies. Immunosuppressive medications present a viable option for intervention, demonstrating effectiveness in such cases. Additionally, for non-genital regions, targeted ultraviolet light therapy may be recommended. It is worth noting that while historical approaches included the application of topical sex hormones, current research indicates that these treatments are ineffective in combating the disease.

9. Treatment for genital areas

Should the condition manifest on areas of the body other than the genital and anal regions, it generally poses less of a concern. However, when the disease presents in these sensitive areas, physicians will prescribe appropriate treatments aimed at alleviating discomfort such as itchiness, enhancing the appearance of the skin, and mitigating potential scarring. Topical corticosteroid ointments or creams are commonly administered daily as an initial treatment regimen. Over time, usage may be reduced to approximately twice a week to effectively prevent recurrence. It is essential for patients to undergo regular medical evaluations to monitor for any adverse reactions, as extended utilization of these topical steroids could lead to skin thinning.

10. Surgery

Lichen Sclerosus in men is effectively managed with surgical intervention. Circumcision, which involves the removal of the foreskin, is the most prevalent form of treatment and offers a permanent resolution, preventing the recurrence of the disease. Many individuals may not be aware of this option. In exceptional cases, alternative surgical procedures are utilized to address complications such as scarring and urethral narrowing that the condition may cause.

In contrast, surgical treatment is generally not advised for women with Lichen Sclerosus due to the likelihood of the condition recurring post-operatively. Women may experience a complication in the form of a narrowed vaginal opening. Nonetheless, a specific surgical procedure is available to widen the vaginal entrance, providing symptomatic relief, particularly concerning sexual intercourse.